Management Information Systems Essay Example for Free

Management Information Systems EssayThis paper will discuss the local dividing line of Fascinations spectator Salon, and the net profit strategic model to help develop this company. This commercial enterprise will have to have a new strategy that set up for the operable benefits. Fascinations Beauty Salon will need to be equipped in order to benefit from creating a website. This paper will also discuss the functions of the business through the internet website. Management Information Systems Fascinations Beauty Salon has been in business for quite a long time, like fifty years. It is located in the residential area down the street from an Elementary school and a Baptist Church.The owner Mrs. B. has been doing hair for the majority of her life in the same place and she motionlessness has plenty of clients. These clients have been her business for quite some time, and she shares her salon with another beautician that only throws certain days. Just recently, Mrs. B. had been trying to research into expanding her business suffices and was asking about having her business on the internet. Mrs. B. had just realized that she wanted to be in the race with her competitors in the Galveston County area.I spoke to Mrs. B. he other day informing her that Fascinations Beauty Salon could expand the products that she sells on a regularly basis and as well as her services. Between the women that work at this place and the students that have been in the business to get a feel, or trained with internships that she should have a website. So that when people want or need some sort of hairstyle or needs a clip or maybe even a product that only she carries that, they could send a quick electronic email out to the business or they could go to her place of business to receive such services and products.I explained to her that E-commerce is a elan that patrons and businesses are getting fast admission to the internet global market. E-commerce is spreading like a wildfire, in the areas of exporting and advertising of manufactured goods and benefits by the routine of central processing units and systems. I advised her that she could triple her business and that I would set up her business with an electronic commerce with a certain image of internet industry example like (B2C) industry-to-customer which means that ustomers passel buy immediately with her company instead of trading with any liaisons.Mrs. B. inquired about the ways that a web site could assist her in benefitting, and I informed her that a web site could assist her company receive a viable mount with a planned effect on her business. With the planned effect on her business implemented as having the lowest assembly or in service expenses, offering distinctive commodities, aiming a definite section of the marketplace, increasing new ways of liability dealing, increasing commodities, or benefits, and starting collections that labor jointly.With electronic storefronts, consumers can shop o n the virtual web site via electronic files and shopping pushcart replicas. Also by moving your stock franchise business on the internet, it can improve productivity and increase the buyer overhaul. Here the business can develop an electronic exchange with a combination to contenders and dealers with the benefit of supercomputers and clear sites to purchase and vend merchandise, exchange market statistics, and manage the rear organization procedures, such as monitoring the supplies.The Fascinations Beauty Salon serviceable qualifications for the use of the internet and the web could subsidy it with the physical address of business, telephone number, e-mail, hours of functions, beauty salon overhaul proposed, such as (extensive overhaul shop, loveliness merchandise, waxing, alterations, facials / make-up / skin-care, perms, spirals, haircuts).Also shows advertisements, present documentations, brands suggestions, (Rusk, Nexus, CHI, Matrix, Logics, Red- kens), with exclusive overhaul proposals ( appointments, walk-ins welcome, free parking, group bookings, and clientele performances (all ages, children, men, women, wedding parties).The technological specifications for the chosen business consist of the listed hardware as the following the case to holds the computer, and a CPU or central processing unit, (also known as a tower) along with drives like CD and DVD drives that can transfer information onto the CDs and the DVDs. A monitor the shows the information on the screen along with a keyboard that is used to type information into the computer and a nobble device as a pointing cursor that shows on the monitor.A printer used to print the information as displayed on the monitor. The server domain that I suggest for Fascinations Beauty Salon is Go Daddy. Com, it can be very useful with an SSL Certificate, offers many templates for the business, and is user friendly for everything that pertains to this business. As far as the software, I would recommend that this b usiness would try Hair-Max Salon Software that offers many different optional tabs to assist the business and make it more profitable.

Reservoirs of Infection Essay Example for Free

Reservoirs of Infection EssayNasal carriage is the principal reservoir, and haggard colonization of the individual patient is the harbinger of consequent infection. Healthcare workers are propounded to be potential reservoirs. Hand carriage and nasal carriage both are responsible, and they can be transient or persistent. For healthcare workers, the environment of care may function as a reservoir of colonization and infection. The body sites of the patients in the care units may specifically colonize bacteria.These imply respiratory tract, any site on the skin such as surgical sites, burns, pressure sores, tracheotomy sites, sites of other foreign bodies, and normal skin, and the perineum and the rectum. In these settings, nasal swabs are inadequate, and culture of the wounds, tracheostomy sites, and sputum may be useful. Environmental contamination in a hospital has been known reservoirs, and virtually any surface, appliance, and instruments in the care setting may be suspec ted, but they seem to play insignificant roles in infection of infection (Graffunder, E.M. and Venezia, R. A. , 2002).Modes of Transmission The principal mode of transmission within an institution is from one colonized or infected patient to another via the hands of the healthcare workers, even though he or she is transiently colonized. Hospital acquired pneumonia that happens with MRSA is thought to be transmitted through air-borne infection (Graffunder, E. M. and Venezia, R. A. , 2002).Control Handwashing is a time-honoured principle of routine infection prevention and control and is considered to be effective in eliminating transient hand contamination with MRSA and other pathogens acquired from patients or the environment. A simple 10-second hand wash with soap and water can guarantee absence of the bacteria from the contaminated hands in most of the cases. However, povidone iodine or alcohol is better washing agent (Graffunder, E. M. and Venezia, R. A. , 2002). Prescription D ecreasing broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy can reduce the risk of MRSA.Nursing workloads need to be maintained as reasonable level so as to maintain standard hygiene that reduces chances of infection. Drugs, such as, vancomycin is indicated in uncomplicated cases of MRSA. The other antibiotics that are recommended are tetracyclines or cotrimoxazole. Minocycline is also active against MRSA. Linezolid is recommended in skin and soft weave infections caused by MRSA. Clindamycin is also an effective antibiotic, and a combination of rifampicin and fusidic acid and daptomycin have been found to be effective in such cases (Gemmell, C.G. et al. , 2006), (French, G. L. , (2006). Conclusion MRSA is a affright, and this threat has been caused by the genetic make up of the bacteria and iatrogenic reasons. Strict hygienic measures in the healthcare facilities, awareness of this threat by the healthcare professionals, and clutch management of MRSA infection along with surveillance still can reduce the spread and epidemic nature of these infections.ReferencesBrown, D. B. J. et al. , (2005).Guidelines for the laboratory diagnosis and susceptibility testing of methicillin-resistant staph aureus (MRSA) on behalf of the Joint workings Party of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Hospital Infection Society and Infection Control Nurses Association. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 56 1000 1018. Enright, M. C. et al. , (2002). The evolutionary history of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). PNAS, 99 7687 7692. French, G. L. , (2006). Bactericidal agents in the treatment of MRSA infectionsthe potential role of daptomycin. J. Antimicrob.Chemother. 58 1107 1117. Gemmell, C. G. et al. , (2006). Guidelines for the prophylaxis and treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections in the UK on behalf of the Joint Working Party of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Hospital Infection Society and Infection Control Nurses Association. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 57 589 608. Graffunder, E. M. and Venezia, R. A. , (2002). Risk factors associated with nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection including earlier use of antimicrobials. J. Antimicrob.Chemother. 49 999 1005. Huang, H. et al. , (2006). Comparisons of Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Hospital-Associated MSRA Infections in Sacramento, California. J. Clin. Microbiol. 44 2423 2427. Johnson, A. P. , Pearson, A. , and Duckworth, G. , (2005). Surveillance and epidemiology of MRSA bacteraemia in the UK. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 56 455 462. Millar, B. C. , Prendergast, B. D. , and Moore, J. E. , (2008). Community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) an emerging pathogen in infective endocarditis. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 61 1 7.

Advertising consumption

Advertising consumptionIntroductionWith the rapid development of technology, the style heap advertise and consume has changed gradually. In the former(a) words, technology is increasing the mental ability and practices of consumption and providing to a greater extent platforms for advertise. Some volume argue that it might lead to weak social organisation and solidarity, however, the influence of technology on peoples daily aliveness is inevitable. Take online obtain for example, it is magnificently affecting the tralatitious consumption habits. More and more than consumers are poundting used to purchasing online instead of high alley obtain. This essay is going to observe how technology has expanded the scope of advertising and the spaces of consumption practices in terms of online obtain. Besides, critical evaluation provide be carried egress to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the observation. AnalysisHolt D. (1995) pointed out that the act of consuming is a varied and effortful accomplishment underdetermined by the characteristics of the object. Any products batch be typically consumed in a range of various panaches by different consumers. Therefore, it is essential to analyse how online obtain is influencing the consumption practices of consumers.Consumption PracticesFirst of all, online obtain brings us a convenient, fast and meter-saving consuming atmosphere, and this is considered to be the major concern of middle class who work eight hours in average, and they dont admit a lot season to sp residual on shopping. Hence, they treat time like gold, and wish to buy everything they unbalancedt as short as a few minutes. In traditional shopping pattern, consumers need to spend a large follow of energy and time on selecting and comparing variant goods in different high high style butt ins. The information about the products often vary due to the misinterpretation of salesmen. Besides, there are eternally restricts of time and place. Take Newcastle city centre for example, nigh shops on Northumberland Street close before six oclock. People who work until six allow for not be able to do both shopping during the weekdays, and the people who live in suburbs where there is no shopping centre nearby will claim to waste an hour or more on the way to city centre and back. Online shopping perfectly solves the problem. Shopping sens be easily completed within a couple of clicks in anytime and anywhere as long as the customers adopt internet access. Itunes is a successful online software and platform that provides consumers a convenient way to buy their favourite music. Sometimes, people dont wan to buy the whole album. Instead, theyd like to listen to some specific tracks by different artists. Itune totally carry through these consumers by offering download of every single(a) track of various artists with a little amount of expenses, and it is really time-saving just a couple of clicks, then the track will be downloaded automatically and nominate in a flash of time( depends on the speed of Internet service providers).Secondly, the advantage of online shopping on products price is obvious to obtain, and price is always the most important factor for consumers to consider. Online sales compared to traditional stores, it doesnt require any strong-arm store. Besides, online sales are able to contact directly with upstream suppliers and ask them to dedicate the products to customers when necessary. Hence, no self-storage facilities will be used to store goods so that the cost of logistics and storages can be minimised. In the other words, the total cost of online sales is much lower than the average cost of physical store sales. In addition, online bidding is getting more and more popular as consumers can get the products in an unbelievably low price from time to time. A typical example of online bidding is ebay. Therefore, the retail price online is relatively lower than traditiona l physical stores, which will be anticipate to attract more customers.Special promotion or sale will be another reason to shop online. For instance, there is 20% student discount occasionally throughout catalogues on the official website of Topshop/Topman when the customers perform the purchase online, meanwhile there is only 10% discount in store for students, and this also reflects the advantage of online shopping on price. After all, no people are willing to pay more for something that is exactly the same. In addition, online shopping provides consumers more comfortable and pleasant shopping atmosphere. During the process of shopping, some consumers require the feelings of pleasure rather than the products themselves, and many of them have experienced various attitudes from different salesmen in physical stores. Those salesmen usually approach customers with smile when they step in the stores and recommend a number of products to the customers when browsing the shop, However, t he smile on their faces will fade away with time as the customers dont show any interest on the products they recommend. Most consumers will not be pleased by the way the salesmen persuade them to make the purchase, instead, they privation to shop in a Comfortable and pleasant mood. In contrast, those who have shopped online will limit consumption via online shopping is a lot easier. They are always free to click on the products they are interested and able to compare different products as often as they want. Besides, they can make the purchase, save the products for later on or leave the products without the interference from salesmen by simply clicking on the web pages. Take ASOS for example, customers can quickly find the clothes they want by tapered down the search results. Besides, these clothes can be displayed in 360 degree, and can be even viewed by real models catwalk what can hardly be seen in physical stores.Furthermore, online shopping brings a customised products co nsuming platform for the customers who have special requirements. More and more products need to gibe the consumers imagination to meet the needs of private consumers with the development of society. The choices by consumers may no longer be practicalness of the products, but more needs to reflect the values of their own. How to make the products innovative and stimulate speciality of consumer has become a crucial problem the product developer must consider. Many products sold in online stores can not be found in any physical shopping malls or stores. These unique products usually emphasis on trendy and interesting . They are customised to meet the requirements of every single customers.In online stores, costumers can find a range of special products which are beyond our imagination, from nails to laptops, from furnitures to clothes, every product involved in our daily life can be customised meet peoples needs. For instance, customers will be able to customise their laptop, mo bile phone and even gaming consoles by altering their colours on a website called Colourware. There is a wide range of colours to choose and the front, trim or back of your digital devices can even be altered in different colours. Moreover, The prices of these luxuriousness products in the traditional physical stores are relatively more expensive than online boutiques. Online shopping brings the opportunities to get famous brand products with a reasonable price for those brand lovers who can not afford the price. As mentioned before, price is the most important factor that consumers should consider. For these people who need to purchase luxury products to show their status and prestige, they regain certain products with famous brand will improve the quality of life, and reflects the social status at the same time. There is also another way to satisfy customers vanity, if they can afford these luxury products neither online nor in store rent them. They dont need spend a lot on th ese famous labels as let on solution is going to save them a great amount of money. In a website called Rent Luxury Bags ,customers can find most luxury bags theyve been imagine of, and they can rent these bags in a reasonable price. Additionally, these bags can be rent from four week up to a year. Last but not least, all customers are able to put their personal belongings online and sell or trade them as second hand products. In the other word, everything can be commodity as long as the demand of these products exists. Take E-bay for example, millions of second hand products are updated everyday on this online trading platform. Sometimes, it is the only way to get the products when the brand new one is no longer in stock. AdvertisingAs more and more consumers are getting used to online shopping, advertising is also transforming from offline to online. A great number of online shopping websites are cooperating with social vane websites,search engines and email service providers s uch as Facebook, Twitter, Google, Bing, Hotmail etc in order to maximize the online exposure. When searching a keyword on search engine, all the hyperlinks of relevant products will be listed on the first page of search results, and all the relevant websites who have paid advertising fees to the search engine will be popped up on the advertisement column. Similarly, a range of products with hyperlinks will be recommended on your visibleness page of Facebook or Twitter according to users search history. To put it in different words, advertisement of online shopping websites can be seen everywhere once you get online.The individual owners of small websites are generally making money through the website advertising alliance. the form of web advertising alliance was invented by Amazon in 1996. The advertising mode of Amazon advertising alliance is CPS (cost per sell), which means the amount of advertising income will depend on the actual sale figures on the online shopping website. Wi th the moderate acceptance and recognition of CPS advertising mode by consumers , online shopping advertising has gradually become the major advertising method, and the tax of online shopping advertising is increasing in a magnificent speed . More and more sites have been dug to a online shopping advertising merchandise in order to get a share of this new market. There have been a range of online shopping advertising-based mode to promote different sites. Since online shopping has a large number of users, these owners of small websites also gained sustained, reliable and stable income. Cash back websites are becoming popular among online shopping consumers. Once the users make successful purchases through the links provided by the cash back websites, the online shopping websites offer these cash back websites all or part of the sales armorial bearing in the form of cash or points to users. The main advantages of cash back websites in one word is cheaper, as they save more money f or the consumers, and the upper limit savings may be up to 30%. This is a better way for those consumers who make the purchases online regularly. More importantly, these cash back websites are promoting more than 3000 retailers toward consumers at the same time. The most successful example in UK is Quidco. It is obvious to notice the online retailers on the frontpage of Quidco, such as play.com ebay, orange and so on. As consumers browse Quidco to find the cash back deal for their favourite products, the products on other online retailers have also been browsed. In addition, price comparison websites are another essential way to promote online retailers. A number of relevant products will be picked from different online retailers and listed from lowest price to highest price for the consumers to choose once the keyword is typed in. Price Grabber can be taken as the representative of these websites, and any products from appliances to wines can be search and compared in order to find the cheapest products for customers. Simultaneously, the online retailers who sell cheaper products will be exposed to more customers. It is also a practical online shopping advertising mode that offers users an alternative shopping experience.Furthermore, professional online shopping navigation sites are born to promote various online retailers or physical shops and focus on a certain area such as books, restaurants or travels. These websites publish free of coupons, offers, discounts , promotions, free shipping, and other shopping information about some specific websites or shops regularly. They are capable of gathering a large number of online retailers and physical stores and reorganize them in different categories. The updated information about these retailers can be spreaded to potential customers. These potential customers can reach the product or service pages they are interested in by simply clicking the links the navigation sites provide, and it saves a lot of time for th e consumers.These professional navigation sites are practical online shopping advertising mode, and they provide a simple, easy, actualize way to shop online. For instance, My Voucher Codes provide a wide range of promotional codes, e-vouchers or discount codes , which will offer consumers a discount or money off the listed retail price of many goods, at a variety of different online UK retailers.Moreover, online retailers can be exposed via products review sites. This type of sites mainly focus on film, television, books or restaurants, and guide users to make a purchase through the comment on a particular commodity by other consumers. The interaction between customers on these sites are relatively strong, and it will provoke potential customers to buy the products online shopping customers via the feedbacks from other users in order to achieve the promotion. Students will be expected to be the largest group of potential users of this kind of site.EvaluationApril 2009, the Europea n Commission in Brussels hosted the first summit of European consumers, the them of the run across is the opportunities and challenges in digital age. A copy of Euros statistics on online shopping was released during the meeting. These data were from family, personal use of information and communication technology survey in twenty seven European countries. check to the statistics on Euro Online Shopping Industry Report(2009), about one-third of customers in European countries have the experience of making the purchase online in 2008, the most popular consumptions online are tourism and clothing .In 2008, the individual consumers between the ages of 16-74, about 32% of the purchase or order through the network are personal goods or service. In recent years, the symmetry of individuals online shopping steady growth (in 2004 was 20% in 2006 to 26%, 30% in 2007.) essentially speaking, all EU member showed a growth in online shopping. The majority of the 27 European countries, the mo st frequent consumer groups in online shopping is 25-34 years (representing the number of age 47%), while in Malta, Slovenia, Slovakia and Bulgaria, age group of online shopping is 16-24 years old. In the 16-24 years old and 35-44 year-olds, online shopping is increasing moderately, the percentage is as high as 41% and 40%. In the 45-54 year-old ,55-64-year-old 65-74 years old, the online shopping rate gradually decreased, respectively, 31%, 20% and 9%.In 2008, the most products and services consumed online are travel and holiday products (14% of individual consumers have purchased or ordered such products in the past 12 months), followed by clothing and debauched goods (13%) Books and magazines (12%), folk items or event tickets (both 11%), film and music products (9%), electronic products (8%).In Denmark, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Germany, Sweden and Finland, more than half of consumers conducted online shopping. 16-74 year-olds, over 59% of the Danish people have the experience of online shopping, meanwhile in UK is 57%, 56% in the Netherlands, Germany and were 53% in Sweden , 51% in Finland. Among European Union countries, travel clothing and sporting goods occupy the highest proportion in Finland, these two were 31% and 27%, the highest proportion in purchasing of books and magazines is in Luxembourg (29%), purchase rate of home supplies and the highest proportion of electronic products in Germany were 26% and 18%, the highest percentage of purchase event tickets is in Denmark (28%), purchase products, movies and the United Kingdom occupies the highest proportion of music purchase (24%). ground on the online shopping statistics in the UK for November 2009 and February 2010 quarter (Harris G, 2010), the top ten e-commerce sites for that quarter are Amazon.co.uk, Argos, Play.com, Apple Computer, Amazon.com, Tesco, Marks Spencer, John Lewis, Next and Easyjet. Among these sites above, most of them have been massively exposed via a range of onlin e shopping advertising. The more these online retailers promote, the more customers will be. Besides, the comments about their products on product review sites are mainly positive, and this will have the influence on potential customers decision making. For those companies who have physical stores like Tesco, Marks Spencer or John Lewis, online shops have increased their share in online shopping industry, and customers now can enjoy the products from them anywhere and anytime. Although these companies have been existing for years, a number of customers would still like to purchase their products in an alternative and convenient way. According to the analysis by Redfern A. (2007), the UK online advertising industry has spent over 2,015.8 billion pounds for the full year of 2006, occupied approximately 11.4% share of the UK advertising industry. This indicates the growth of online shopping advertising is affecting advertising industry and motivate more companies to establish online s hops and promote their products in an alternative way. Besides, 30.2 billion pounds have been spent online during 2006, and 19.7 million people are used to shop online in the UK, spending shopping basket of 652 each in the past couple of months in average. It is assumed that by the end of 2011, 32 million domestic consumers will start their first shopping online, and the value of commodities they purchase online will be around 52 billion pounds in 2011. Hence, the amount customers spend online will be expected to double in five years, and more people will be persuaded to make the purchase online by the regular consumers who have been doing online shopping for a long time. ConclusionIn conclusion, technology did expanded the scope of advertising and the spaces of consumption practices. It is changing peoples life in every possible way, and is challenging traditional advertising and consumption practices. The revolution of shopping from physical stores to online retailers is inevitabl y taking place, and choices for online shopping advertising is moderately increasing. It is expected that more consumers will start shopping online and dont need to spend great amount of time on searching for the products they are interested in the future. On the contrary, these products will be able to find the consumers via online shopping advertising.

Business Analytics And Business Intelligence Business Essay

employment Analytics And Business In put forwardigence Business EssayBusiness Intelligence (BI) is altogether about getting uncommitted intelligence from selective information. Using BI you poop provide right tuition to right people at the right time and through right channels to make a competitive advantage by informed decision making. Almost in every organization information is available in abundance as structured data is getting accumulated over the years that is resulting from a variety of operational information systems. traditionalistic models of operations office not be able to fully utilize the new opportunities presented by this abundance of information. BI systems today lav organize, analyze, store and echo huge amount of information. We fanny now work on new organizational models that ar agile, and better adaptable to constant change in decree to beat the competition and discover new business concern opportunities. The techniques like Business Analytics (BA) a nd Business Intelligence argon bringing save that to our door steps.What Is Business AnalyticsBusiness Analytics deals with the methodologies employed by organizations to enhance their business by making optimized decisions with the use of statistical techniques that might involve data collection and compend. Business analytics might get many complex techniques that need advanced statistics.Applying Business Analytics, it may be possible to find how a territory or a region reacts to veritable product variations or added features. This information can be very useful in devising new product line with features that are likely to maximize sales in a contingent region for a set of target audiences. A proper analysis of data might alike tell about things like recurring customer support issues and thereby proactive steps can be taken before it grows out of proportion. Business Analytics is practic altogethery utilize by marketing folks in predicting and analyzing consumer behavior. This is do by applying statistical analytical techniques on historical data of customer transactions. Without high-quality data and statistics, business analytics can have little or no meaning to any organization.The Difference Between Business Analytics and Business IntelligenceBusiness analysis employs statistical methods and analysis on past business performance to develop new business insights and drive business planning. Business Analysis may use a combination of technologies, skills, practices and applications in its continuous and iterative investigations. Business intelligence on the other hand uses a consistent set of matrices on the past data to measure performance and drive the business planning. BI can also employ statistical techniques like BA. Business intelligence is more of reporting, querying, OLAP and alerts. BA can be used as an input for human decisions or it can fully automate the decision making process.BI can issue what happened in the past, in what numbers , the frequency of occurance, location of the problem, and what corrective actions are needed. BA can tell us why this is happening, what will happen next, what if the trend continues, and more on optimization.What You Can Do With AnalyticsAnalytics can answer information oriented questions like what happened, say, in past two years with sales in a particular region. What is happening now in different regions? And what is likely to happen in near future? Digging dipper may take us to answer questions with more insights like how and why did this happen? Answering this question may require some mathematical modeling and/ or some experimental design. some other insightful questions that can be answered are what is the next best thing to do and predictions like what worst or best that can happen in a particular scenario? Analytics aims to move towards more insightful answers (to the problems or questions) that an organization needs to know, in order to stay healthy and stay ahead of c ompetition. Its all about informed decision making over intuitive. Its also about giving competitive advantage to managers and reduced risks in decision making.Today Analytics is utilise almost everywhere predicting consumer behavior, what will sell, find price range for a particular market, in supply chain and operations, logistics and finding the best routes for transportation fleet, determining what factors are really driving the financial performance in a company, risk precaution, investments, issuing credit cards, maximizing sales and profits are just a few examples.Caution While Using Analytics // when not is the time to apply analyticsSome decisions have to be made when there is little or no time for data collection like war or in a sports field. You need to go by your already gathered expertise, perception and by previous experience. Analytics has a very little role to play in such situations. Some situations have never occurred before and data is obviously not availa ble for Analytics to work upon. In some cases like stock markets plenty of data is available but its misleading and cant be used to do any analysis for the future or current actions. There are times when the experience of managers is more valuable over any descriptor of analysis like valuating plant and machinery for insurance purposes. Off course nothing can replace intuition while selecting a life partner or selecting a gift for the spouse, for that matter..Almost all results based on Analytics have to be used along with human wisdom. Analytics is based on models, assumptions and data. Anything can go wrong there and blindly applying results might lead to disasters. Analytic models need to be tested carefully first with a controlled set of data that has cognize results. When tests are successful and results are consistent under test conditions the models can be used in real time situations.Pre-Conditions To Apply AnalyticsAn organization might have a process orientation with so me degree of perfection be it Six Sigma, Lean, or reengineering or a combination. The key is to identify which attributes in the process are associated with satisfaction and value from the standpoint of the end customer. If you have a comprehensive measurement system for these process attributes, you can perform statistical analysis on your value tree and determine the correlations among business drivers.The classic DELTA framework captures five conditions that are must for any analytical initiative to succeed. utilize to process analytics, these areData This deals with data sufficiency and data quality requirements for analytics process. Sufficient data should be there for experimenting, modeling and testing as analytics demands. This also concerns with technology and anxiety of data used in the whole Analytics process.Enterprise An enterprise view point is necessary to for effective Analytics. Without that Analytics initiatives may be localised and it will be very difficult to d raw any significant benefits at the enterprise level. The process under any Analytics initiative should have the cross-functional or cross-boundary scope to make a difference in overall business performance.Leadership This calls for cross functional and capable leaders that have strong administrator management support. The leadership focus is much more than just one pouch. Leadership strives for bringing an Analytics based culture in the organization.Targets Metrics to track these results of Analytics projects. It can be strong customer loyalty, increased performance in supply chain, hiring better matching to skill set requirements, better quantitative risk management and so on.Analysts They must have capabilities to build the models and derive results. They also bring Analytics culture to the organization by enabling business managers to appreciate and apply it in day-to-day decision making.The readiness of processes in an organization needs to be assessed in all the areas repres ented by DELTA. All the gaps need to be effect for any meaningful Analytics project to happen in the company.A Typical Responsibility Tree In An Analytics ProjectThe executive management needs to compose the overall strategy and choose an information strategy. Middle management and operations managers design business processes and decide how information and knowledge is to be used. Business analysts are responsible for creating reports and Analytics they are the persons who are responsible for information and knowledge. There is a set of people, who are responsible for data warehouses, data collection. IT infrastructure people are responsible for maintaining databases and technology infrastructure.Analytics VendorsCurrently prominent BI and Business Analytics tools vendors are IBM (Cognos), SAP (Business Objects), SAAS Institute (SAAS), R and SPSS (taken over by IBM). All these vendors periodically break white papers that can be an important source of updates on latest happenings and capabilities of their respective tools.Spatial AnalyticsBasics of Geographic Information Systems (GIS)Today, GIS is one of the quickest growing fields in Information Technology arena. It has applications in banking, natural resource management, defense, utilities, and government, and many other areas.Maps are fundamental tools used to depict spacial or geographic data. In GIS, we use digital maps for patterns, linkages, or relationships in data in either a single map or five-fold maps simultaneously. In its simpler version, GIS provides an automated version of traditional map analysis. A GIS is used to access an integrated, location referenced database of maps that can be superimposed, combined, and analyzed as per drug user specifications. GIS has advantages over other data management systems in its ability to present geographical relationships in a digital map form where its easy to render and comprehend. Creating accurate data sets for a GIS system involves exploring sat ellite images to identify outlines geographical entities like roads, lakes, rivers, and other landmarks. It is then followed by a ground survey in order to capture names of these entries in the area of interest.There are four components of GIS (1) data, (2) hardware, (3) software, and (4) users. These components must work in an integrated fashion for any usable inferences to be drawn from a GIS analysis.Some Applications of Spatial Analytics in BankingThe GIS mapping of a bank tell involves defining a trade area approximately a bank branch including profiling of customers in that area. The banks can know about the particulars of the products that are being purchased by specific socio-demographic groups and plan new features/ products accordingly. GIS analysis can examine the interrelationships between land-use, infrastructure capacities, proximities of major civic amenities, and economic growth. Banks can utilize these GIS simulations to take strategic decisions like opening new b ranches, branch relocation or closure etc. The location dimension that is provided by GIS along with routine data used by classical asset management systems can be very useful in asset maintenance activities like location inspection and monitoring of a class of assets.GIS based solutions for the management and replenishment of ATMs, work in real time and they may provide effective ways to the currency management. GIS based application can show the ATMs on a map with their cash status. Cash requirement for each day for a Bank/ATM can be predicted with the help of historical cash transactions and other demographic data such as population density, economic statusFor ATM cash replenishment, GPS loaded, GIS based Fleet Management Systems can monitor the real time locations of cash vans in a very cost effective manner.Business Case Personal Loan Customer AnalyticsThis project involved integrating various ORACLE databases and their analysis in combination with digital maps of Bangalore. I t required to plot around 40,000 loan locations and to analyze spatial spreads and correlations. This was done for an associate of a MNC bank. Some output screens from the analysis are included here. SIMS is a Spatial Analytics System developed by SPINFO.

Importance Of Consumer Attitude Toward Advertising In Smartphones Marketing Essay

Importance Of Consumer Attitude Toward Advertising In Smart audios Marketing EssayThe exponential increase of smartphones in the last cardinal geezerhood has created unique merchandise opportunities for the publicise world. Lack of academic look into in the realm of smartphones, and the fragmented and controversial payoffs of studies in the field of stuffy prompt advertize, insist on the need for further query in the field. The aim of this thesis is to ornamentigate the consumer lieu toward smartphone advertize, in regularize to learn how consumers perceive smartphone ads. The show was conducted among the US consumers. A thorough re emplacement of academic literature on advertizing in general, conventional nomadic advert and consumer perceptions to both set the macrocosm of this thesis. Using this formation, a research framework of consumer attitudes in the context of smartphone advert was, then, constructed.The numbers of the analyses indicate that all the atti tudes of conventional quick trade affect smartphone advertizement as well, and these attitudes differ with different kinds of advertisements. The attitudes ar likely to be positive when the diligent advertiser has targeted practiseual needs of guests. This implies that meandering(a) advertizement should be ground on service rather than selling. Moreover, the consumer attitudes toward earnings publicise strongly correlate with that of smartphone advertising, which suggests the rough-and-readyness replicating of the online Ad-r in timeue model in the smartphone merchandising. Emotional attachment appears to choose no mould on the attitude toward smartphone advertising. Additionally, the results of the study show that incentives befuddle a strong positive center toward consumer behavior. Therefore, incentives must be designd by marketers to gain user consent and acceptance for the advertisements.Keywords smartphone advertising, wide awake marketing, consumer beha vior, attitudes, incentives, advertising, emotional attachmentIntroductionThe recent boost in smartphones, join with advances in wireless teaching technologies, has placed users in a ubiquitous computing environment, with access to and possibility of exchange of information anywhere and anytime done these smartphones. The skill to see rich content on a smartphone and the large extent of interactivity possible on it, coupled with GPS capabilities of smartphones, provides the marketers a potentially strong deal for advertising. However, for the advertising efforts to be rightly foc utilize and, in turn, to succeed, knowledge of consumers perceptions towards these advertisements is essential. This research aims to study the consumer perception of advertising in smartphones, using the US consumers as the test case, drawing from academic theory on advertising in general, conventional lively advertising and consumer perceptions to both. The reason US population is chosen is becaus e smartphone incursion is solace very low in other countries, and US has the second highest smartphone penetration in the world1, which provides a good base for research.This chapter is organized as follows First, a background of the field of advertising that has belatedly focused a tie of interest on digital advertising on the internet and the restless phones, followed by, a re visit of the recent popularity of smartphones and the growth of the smartphone industry. The importance of investigating the consumer attitude toward smartphone advertising is then emphasized, and the additional opportunity for advertising available on smartphones highlighted. conterminous, the research problem is defined and the structure of the research study is presented.1.1. BackgroundTraditional advertising media has undergone rapid change, as the technological victimizations have condition rise to numerous new marketing media. Traditional media has diminished in the last few years due to inroads by online competitors. New media types, like the internet, then the mobile phone, and now recently the smartphone, have emerged, offering great and greater possibilities of interaction with the consumers. However, in order to effectively benefit from using the mobile marketing channel, the unique characteristics of the mobile and the behavior of consumer interaction with this channel need to be understood.Another major development in the advertising industry has been the increase in em bureaument of the consumers in advertisements. The wide-spread availability of the internet means that consumers can compare product offerings and prices before making a buying decision. Additionally, with increasing use of social media, they besides share their experiences with others. The contemporary consumer is informed, affiliated and active (Prahalad 2004). Resultantly, consumers now expect the companies to do more than dependable delight them, which has resulted in companies advocating gre ater for their customers (Urban 2004). This means that companies are pushing harder with their marketing efforts, looking for channels that provide more interaction with the consumers companies are re-inventing marketing function (Mitchell 2006). Communication options have increased in lean. The internet has been used as a marketing channel for some time, but the use of mobile phone, and recently the smartphone, as marketing mediums is still recent.1.2. Rise of smartphones unsettled phones have progressively become feature-rich and more sophisticated, since their explosion in popularity. The recent phones come with greater features to supplement, or even replace, other arts such as mp3/video players, digital cameras, and PDAs2. This technological advancement has given birth to the smartphone, a device that brings together the mobile phone and the PDA.Smartphones are more than mobile phones. They come packed with a diverse range of features and functionalities, which makes them a mobile information center and entertainment device for the user. They unremarkably include features such as a full-featured QWERTY keyboard, web browser, e-mail, multimedia capabilities, touch screen, built-in cameras, music players, Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation software and even the ability to read and edit Word, Excel and PDF format documents, making them an excellent all-in-one substitute for variety of other devices. Certain models have enough processor power to run complex software applications such as enterprise CRM software and car navigation softwares. Another feature rapidly becoming common is the second base messaging. As such, the definition of a smartphone, or what constitutes a smartphone, is constantly evolving.Mobile phones went from zero in the global population in 1982 to 3.3 billion in 2008, dowry about half the worlds population (Alexandros Labrinidis, University of Pittsburgh computer science professor, Feb 2010). A growing majority of the popul ation now expect to be nearly always connected and to be reachable al close to instantly via e-mail. The smartphone is the instrument of that connectedness, both as a communications tool and as a status symbol (Lohr 2009). Smartphones have risen in popularity almost instantaneously, due mainly to the fact that they offer the ultimate in connectivity (Figure 1). They provide connectivity not just via phone communication, but are able to connect to the internet at almost any muddle via network internet services. This means that users never have to face the prospect of passing game without phone, email, or access to social networks.Smartphones represent a small, yet rapidly growing, segment of the mobile market. Smartphone sales at 17.5 million units in 2004 accounted for 3% of the global sales of 684 million handsets (Kang 2010). This represents a significant jump from the 8.2 million units sold in 2003.The demand for smartphones is growing rapidly in the recent years. In Q3 2010, the number of smartphone units sold globally increased to 77 million, an increase of 78% y-o-y (n.d. 2010). The smartphone sales are forecasted to reach 350 million units in 2012 (Kang 2010), about 40% of total handset sales. By 2012, smartphones leave alone, resultantly, outship the global notebook and global PC market (Meeker 2010).Figure 1. Global Smartphone SalesSource McKinsey Exploring Mobiles Digital Future Smartphone and Access, 2012This increase in smartphone use, coupled with advances in wireless information technologies, has placed users in a ubiquitous computing environment, with access to and possibility of exchange of information anywhere and anytime through these smartphones. The ability to see rich content on a smartphone and the larger extent of interactivity possible on it, coupled with location tracking due to phones GPS capabilities, provides the marketers an opportunity for greater interaction with the consumers, enabling them to provide better content and maki ng the consumers more probable to view the advertisements. Smartphones offer marketers unique opportunities to influence consumers at the very arcminute they are necessitateing their purchase decisions and comparing the product prices. Companies and marketers are, therefore, working harder than ever on ways to deliver product marketing and services over smartphones. The smartphones, thus, more and more march as both the engine and the vehicle for sharing product information. Media and advertising executives expect more than a quarter of media time and spending to move outside(a) from traditional channels, while mobile and social media advertising are seen gaining steam (Goncalves 2009).The smartphones are becoming less and less about wireless online and highly as personal and customized medium. While the general media environment is typically full of noise and distraction, consumers report being surprisingly focused when using the mobile internet (Hutton and Rodnick 2009). This result provides an opportunity for advertisers, who are constantly competing with external distractions, to engage users in a meaningful way.1.3. Importance of consumer attitude toward advertising in smartphonesThe emergence of smartphone advertising opens up a new area of research. For instance, given the increased possibility of presentation and interactivity, is this marketing medium more effective than the conventional mobile advertising media? How do consumers perceive smartphone advertisements? What factors need tobe kept in mind when designing smartphone advertisements? A better under understructureing of these issues is essential to the effective use of smartphone advertising. Researchers agree that investigating the behaviour of the mobile consumer is critical towards offering effective customer services and accelerating the diffusion of mobile marketing (Mort and Drennan 2002 Nohria and Leestma 2001 Carlsson and Walden 2002). For example, Carlsson and Walden (2002) sugge st that the key question for mobile commerce is to ensure some way to assess the value of mobile applications to prospective users. This provides the motivation for this study in investigating the consumer attitude toward advertising in smartphones.1.4. Research objectivesSince the mobile phone is still a relatively new channel for advertising, academic research in this field has been, to a large extent, inconsistent and fragmented (Roach 2009). Leppniemi (Leppniemi, Sinisalo and Karjaluoto 2006) has dual-lane the current mobile marketing research into three categories Consumer acceptance, perception, attitude, responsiveness and effectiveness of mobile marketing Business and Management value chain, performance measurement, condescension models, mark and operations General research antecedents and consequences, legal and political factors, adoption and diffusion of mobile marketingLeppniemi notes that majority of the research has mainly dealt with the various facets of consumer b ehavior, with several of them traffic with consumer attitudes toward mobile marketing (e.g. Tsang et al. 2004 James 2004 Jun 2007). However, the results of these studies have been contradictory (discussed in detail in Sec 2.1.4 and Sec 2.2.8), and have been limited to SMS advertisements on conventional mobile phones.The trends in the smartphone unit sales suggest that in the next five years, about three quarters of all phones go out be smartphones. With the unique marketing opportunities available in smartphones, other than just the SMS, and the background suggesting further academic research in the domain of consumer attitude towards mobile advertising, the broader purpose of this study is to shift the understanding of the domain, looking into the specific segment of smartphones only. This study will serve as a first attempt yet to examine the consumer attitudes towards advertisements in smartphones, and is conducted by implementing an empirical research.The subject will be appr oached through the following primary research questionWhat are the underlying factors which characterize the attitudes of consumers toward mobile advertising in the domain of smartphones?The following specific questions will be used to serve as basis for addressing the primary research questionHow do demographic variables influence attitude towards advertisements in smartphones?Do the factors influencing attitude toward advertising on traditional mobile phones also influence attitude toward advertising on smartphones?Does attitude toward advertising in general and attitude toward internet advertising influence the attitude toward smartphone advertising?Does the type of advertisement have an impact on the factors that influence the attitudes toward smartphone advertising?Does emotional attachment to phone impact the attitude toward advertisements?Would incentives influence consumer intention to receive advertisements?From the managerial perspective, the research will provide insight into marketing viability in smartphones. More specifically, the results of the research will enable to judge the possibilities of incorporating the different facets of the Ad-revenue model in the smartphones, and also shed light on the realities of the bet that companies like Google have put on the success of the model in the Android based smartphones. Additionally, the knowledge regarding the factors contributing to successful smartphone advertisement would help managers to fully exploit the potential of the smartphone marketing medium.1.5. Structure of the ThesisThe research will start with a literature review of the most significant research streams relevant to the research problem. Chapter 2.1 will discuss the nature of attitudes, bringing together knowledge from both social and advertising psychology. Chapter 2.2 will present the consumer viewpoint of the concept of mobile marketing. Chapter 3 will discuss the hypotheses of this thesis, and present a research framework based on it. Chapter 4 will describe the methodology used for data collection and mass construction, as well as assess the data validity and reliability, also addressing the potential biases that might arise. Chapter 5 will present the results of the various analyses, followed by conclusions in Chapter 6.Literature ReviewThis chapter will focus on the theoretical foundation of the study. It is divided into two parts the first part focusing on attitude toward advertising in general and the second part, specifically, on mobile advertising. The first part of the chapter will begin with an attempt to define attitudes. Next, an overview of internet based advertising will be presented. This will be followed by consumer attitude toward advertising.The second part of the literature review will then discuss the prior research specifically on mobile advertising. It will begin with the definition of the term, followed by discussion of the motivation of consumers arsehole the use of mobile and the em otional attachment to the device. Next the characteristics of the mobile will be presented, which validate it as a marketing channel, and interactive advertising in mobile phones will be discussed. Furthermore, permission and avow in the mobile marketing context will be reviewed, and the need to provide incentives will be discussed. Additionally, academic literature regarding consumer acceptance and consumer attitudes towards the mobile advertising will be highlighted.2.1. Academic insight on attitudes in advertising domainWith different streams of advertising emerging nowadays, it is becoming increasingly difficult to stand out with a particular advertisement. The costs of marketing are getting increasingly higher, making marketers more and more concerned about the attitudes of consumers and the factors contributing to effective advertising3.In order to be able to design effective advertisements, it is, therefore, imperative to first understand advertising itself. This chapter wil l, therefore, begin with the literature view of attitudes. Since mobile marketing has evolved, with the rise of smartphones, to provide advertisements similar to internet based advertisements, the chapter will also provide an overview of internet based advertising. This will be followed with literature view on attitudes towards advertising in general.2.1.1. Defining attitudesAlthough research on attitudes has been abundant, there is no consensus on the general definition of the concept among researchers. Eagly and Chaiken (1993) defined attitude as a psychological tendency that is expressed by evaluating a particular entity with some pointedness of favor or disfavor. Kotler (2000) stated that an attitude is a persons stable favorable or unfavorable evaluations, emotional feelings and action tendencies toward some object or idea. Attitudes are typically derived from judgments, which everyone makes. Aakerman, et al. (2001) describe attitudes as mental states used by respective(pren ominal)s to structure the way they perceive their environment and guide the way they answer to it.In general, attitude is a predisposition or a tendency to respond positively or negatively towards a certain idea,object,person, or situation. The four major components of attitude are (1) Affective emotions or feelings, (2) Cognitive belief or opinions held consciously, (3) Conative inclination for action, (4) Evaluative positive or negative response to stimuli. (BusinessDictionary4). Triandis (1971) also defines attitudes as consisting of the three correlated components affect, cognition and conation.2.1.2. net based advertisingThe rise of internet has led to the evolution of commerce into the electronic age (Maamar 2003). As surfing the World Wide Web (WWW) has become ever more popular, the internet has clearly become an important information source and an integral part of daily life (Ko et al. 2005). As such, the internet represents a huge opportunity for advertisers in terms of the potential for efficient and effective communication with customers (Faber et al. 2004). Recently, internet advertising or web advertising has become one of the first choice advertising media for anyone wanting to promote their products and services to a global audience.The basic kinds of internet advertising include e-mail advertisements, banner advertisements, pop-ups, social media and endorsements from other websites. Pop-up advertising implies that an advertisement window pops up when the user visits a webpage, forcing him to see the ad before being closed. E-mail advertisement implies sending advertisement e-mails to the users. Banner advertisement is where an advertisement is placed in a section of a webpage. And social media marketing is done by putting advertisements on the homepage of users social media profile pages, e.g. in Facebook.Internet advertising has been perceived by many consumers to be intrusive and disturbing (Li et al. 2002). Banner advertisements on the In ternet were found to produce dull results, with the click-through rate as low as 0.3% (Green and Elgin 2002).2.1.3. Attitude toward advertising in generalAttitude toward an advertisement is defined as a learned predisposition to respond in a consistently favorable or unfavorable manner towards an advertisement in general (MacKenzie and Lutz 1998).The general attitude toward advertising manifests itself not only through political and regulatory activities but also through the exposure of individuals to advertising, the attention they pay to it, their evaluations to specific advertisements, and their responses to those advertisements (Zhou and Zhang 2002). Brackett and Carr (2001), and James and Kover (1992), showed that the overall attitude towards advertisement had significant effect on the involvement with specific advertisements. Involvement refers to the relationship of the consumers to the advertisements encountered. (Greenwald and Leavitt 1984). James and Kover 1992, through th eir research, suggest that liking a particular advertisement is not enough. Instead, industry should invest efforts to help people like advertising in general. This could make all advertising more effective.The results of James and Kovers (1992) study also suggest that attitude toward advertising has no significant interaction with demographics of age, education and gender. This signifies that advertising should not be segmented on these three demographics other variables are probably more efficient, curiously the degree of involvement with the advertising.James and Kovers (1992) results indicate that attitude toward advertising in general is channel dependent, i.e. the effect of an advertisement presented to an audience depends on the chosen channel of advertising, so it should be studied channel dependently. The reason for this could be the varying extent to which the viewer can exercise control on the advertisements. So, unlike telecasting advertising in which a commercial runs for a given time, control of time looking at print lies with the reader (James and Kover, 1992). This can be attributed to the result that consumers show more negative attitude toward television advertising compared to print.Calfee and Ringold (1994) analyzed sixty two years of survey data to find the majority view on the perceptions of advertising. The results indicated that on average 70% of consumers think that advertising is practically untruthful and that it seeks to persuade people to buy things that they do not necessarily want. However, consumers still tend to find advertising as informative. Shavitt et al. (1998) report that three quarters of the respondents in their study had either positive or neutral perceptions of advertising. Coulter (2001) found similar duality in consumer opinions, with results showing that consumers can, simultaneously, hold positive as well as negative opinions about various aspects of advertising. In his study, Coulter, however, found that infor mation and entertainment are advertisings greatest assets.The discussion above shows that consumer attitudes are, to a large extent, mixed. So, while consumers consider information and enjoyment as important antecedents of advertising, they also consider advertising as not trustworthy.2.2. Mobile advertisingAs an extension of the internet environment, the high penetration of mobile phones in recent years has created a good opportunity for mobile advertising (Bauer et al. 2005 Leppniemi et al. 2006). However, the channel has not been fully embraced by the marketers, despite its cost effectiveness. This chapter will focus on mobile marketing from the consumer viewpoint, in order to study the areas that influence effective mobile advertising. The chapter will begin by defining mobile advertising, followed by discussion of the motivation of consumers behind the use of mobile and the emotional attachment to the device. Next the characteristics of the mobile will be presented, which valid ate it as a marketing channel, and interactive advertising in mobile phones will be discussed. Furthermore, permission and control in the mobile marketing context will be reviewed to assert the need to provide incentives in mobile marketing. Additionally, academic literature regarding consumer attitude and response toward the mobile advertising will be highlighted.2.2.1. DefinitionAt a very basic level, mobile advertisement is defined as any form of advertisement that is delivered through a mobile as the medium (Mary Mathew 2010). Mobile advertising is one of the most common forms of mobile marketing. Different from traditional advertising, which is non-personal and applicable only via mass media, mobile advertising is more individual and interactive, while informing and persuading the customer (Chowdhury, et al. 2006). Mobile advertising can, thus, be defined as the usage of interactive wireless media (such as mobile phones and pagers, GPS-based locators and maps) to transmit adve rtising messages to consumers in the form of time and location sensitive, personalized information with the overall goal to promote goods and services (Haghirian and Madlberger 2005).The high penetration rate of mobile devices among consumers has provided an opportunity for companies to utilize this means to convey advertising messages to consumers. Recently, there has been an increase in mobile marketing campaigns. Since each mobile device is used by an individual, it provides a suitable platform for delivering individual-based target marketing (Barnes and Scornavacca 2004). Therefore, mobile marketing could be the leading application of mobile commerce (Yuan and Zhang 2003).Among mobile marketing applications, the most popular format is SMS (Okazaki 2005). However, due to rise in smartphones, internet has been reinvented on the mobile devices, which as led to new forms of interactive advertising being discovered, as the internet advertising models get migrated from PCs to mobile d evices. This has given rise to a broader range to mobile advertising in the form of in-search advertising to in-application placements (Laszlo 2009). However, to date these methods have not been significant (Idean 2009).2.2.2. Consumer perception of a mobileThe way consumers use their mobile phones influences how mobile advertising is perceived (Salo and Thtinen 2005). Additionally, results of Jun and Lees (2007) research indicate that consumer perception of mobile influences consumer attitudes toward mobile advertising. Understanding the motivations behind consumers use of mobile phones is, therefore, an important factor for determining the success of mobile advertising.The results of the uses and gratifications model of Leung and Wei (2000) showed that the consumers use mobile for seven distinct purposesTo look fashionableTo provide affection, sociableness and caring for othersTo relax and pass timeTo provide mobility and avoid queuingTo provide immediate access regardless of tim e and locationTo carry out business transactionsTo provide security and safety in case of emergencyThe research stressed that as wireless technology becomes ubiquitous, there will be more freedom for consumers, in the form of mobility and immediate access anywhere, which will greatly facilitate the life of the consumers today.2.2.3. Emotional attachment of consumers to mobile devicesWith the emergence of smartphones, mobile phones have now evolved into functionally sophisticated, ubiquitous and socially embedded devices. As a result, consumers now consider them indispensable and, as such, are becomingly increasingly emotionally attached (Wehmeyer 2007). Mobile phones have become mediators of expression, experience and communication of feelings and emotions. Users feel increasingly attached to their phones. This may partially be due to natural emotional character of human communication, and may also be because mobile phones stay closer to the body. For many consumers, mobiles are an extension of themselves to the extent that removal of the device is likened to the loss of a limb (Hulme 2003).Emotional attachment is enacted in the personalization of the mobile devices. Mobile phones are not only an extension of the users own presence, but they also allow the virtual presence of those connected to the user by phone or wireless communication. As the social networking websites, like Facebook, have become increasingly popular and are now available as applications on the smartphones, the phones have become an important element in the building and maintaining of groups and communities. Users are able to act spontaneously and emotionally, whether it is spur-of-the-moment meetings, emotive text messaging or status updating on Facebook, and these attributes, in tandem with the always on facility, are crucial to the creation of emotional attachment (Kolsaker and Drakatos 2009).As such, Kolsaker and Drakatos identify four components of emotional attachment to mobile devi ces the ability to strongly personalize the device, the ability to keep in touch with family and friends when on the move, the ability to manage ones private and emotional life, and the idea of feeling part of the modern world. For this study, only the first two components are used for measuring the emotional attachment, as they are considered to be most influencing, as they are cited in most research studies on emotional attachment to mobile devices.2.2.4. Mobile phone as a marketing channelMobile phone marketing is where internet advertising was in 1996, and now its about to unfeignedly take off There are already more mobile phones in use worldwide than televisions and computers put together (Nylund 2009).The mobile phone offers possibilities for a very unique consumer experience, when compared to the traditional advertising channels. Sultan and Rohm (2005) divide marketing approaches along two dimensions 1) the degree of interactivity possible on the advertising channel and 2) the degree of location based advertising possible on the channel. According to Sultan and Rohm (2005), the mobile channel provides high interactivity as high possibility of location based advertising (figure 2.).Figure 2. A Comparison of Marketing Communication approaches (Sultan and Rohm 2005)Internet and telecommunication services are constantly evolving in order to fulfill customer satisfaction. Enriching these services with innovative approaches such as context-aware, interactive, adaptable and mobile mechanisms enables users to experience a variety of personalized services seamlessly across different platforms and technologies. Rafaelis research showed that interactivity with advertisements often leads to positive attitudes toward the advertisement (Gao, et al. 2010). Moreover, Macias (2003) results indicate that interactivity leads to better understanding of the advertisement message by the user. This suggests that advertising should become more interactive. The mobile phone o ffers a bi-directional and individual connection to the consumer, which makes it a highly interactive marketing channel (Park, et al. 2008).2.2.5. Mobile interactive advertisingMobile interactive advertising is defined as advertising or marketing messages delivered to portable devices, either via a synchronized download or wirelessly over the air (Laszlo 2

Divorce Rhtorical Analysis :: essays research papers fc

Most people, when thinking about divorce, worry about the impact that it has on the children that atomic number 18 involved. Even though children are most likely meliorate off if totally incompatible adverts separate instead of staying together, divorce is about loss and change, and it is still hard for children. Everyone knows that divorce has its effects on children. There are three different sources that try to explain these effects. graham Blaine Jr. states that divorce is a threat to all children, whereas Rhona Mahony states that divorce is not always the cause of behavioural or academic problems in children coming from divorced families. Yvette Walczak and Sheila Burns state that the extent of the damage can be determined by the parents and their methods of explanation to the children.Graham Blaine Jr. who is the Chief of Psychiatry at Harvard University health services writes a chapter in the book Explaining Divorce to Children. This chapter is entitled The Effect of Divo rce upon the Personality emergence of Children and Youth. He addresses this chapter to parents who are considering getting a divorce or are in the middle of the divorce process. The author uses a combination of Ethos and Pathos to prolong his theory on divorce. Blaine uses these strategies to highlight the mixed emotions a child may endure while going through such a confusing wooden leg of their early lives. This then gives the audience a better understanding of the certain personalities children may gain while coping with sad situation of split parents. He also draws on his experience as a psychiatrist to give statistics as well as true stories to back up his reasoning.Blaine uses five particular guidelines for parents to follow in order to try and lessen the effect of divorce upon the child. These are 1) Place children with whichever parent remarries unless there is a marked incompatibility betwixt that parent and the child.2) Children under twelve should not be sent to board ing school.3) If children must be shuffled between two families, then one household should be established as home and the other as a place to visit.4) Do not give children under twelve a choice regarding the parent with whom they are to live, and do not tell children about an impending divorce until definite plans for the future had been agreed upon.5) Children should not be placed in a position where they serve as confidants or spies for one parent against the other.

Thomas More and the Utopian Dream Essays -- Thomas More Utopia Philoso

much and the Utopian ambitiousness To some, it rotter be paradise, to psyche else a paradise on earth, and still to others it can mean the garden of Eden, the advanced Jerusalem, or even Biosphere 2. What we have come to know as Utopia, or, whatever idealized place, state, or situation of utter(a)ion any visionary schema or system for an ideally perfect society (Neufeldt 1470), is just a learn that was coined for us by Sir Thomas More for an eternal idea. There were centuries of utopian ideas before More came up with his idea for Utopia, but he has become the obtain of the words meaning. Some of the previous ideal ideas were sources of information for Mores book, just as More led the way for hundreds of other Utopias. Today Utopia is just another word in the dictionary, but it took years to develop it into what it is today. In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth. . . and it was very good (Bib. Gen. Ch. 1, vs.1, 31). According to biblical doctrine, the earth was in a perfect state after God had created it. There was no sin, and the two inhabitants were exquisite in thought. The Garden of Eden is the first utopian state that we have on record. Ezekiel said that the Lord, Himself, called it the Garden of God (Ch. 28, vs. 13) God, being the supreme of all perfect, could provided have a perfect garden. But even the most perfect things, it has been proved, can not be perfect forever that is the way God think it. There must be opposition in all things, so friction match was allowed to enter into the picture. First Eve, then Adam partook of the fruit of the tree of knowledge, a sin in the eyes of God. This was Gods plan though, and it led the way for the rest of the world. A little further on in the Bible we find step up about the ultima... ...lliam, ed. Twentieth Century Interpretations of Utopia. Englewood Cliffs Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1968. Neufeldt, Victoria, ed. Websters impertinently World Dictionary of American English. New York S imon & Schuster, Inc., 1988. Sir Thomas More. Luminarium. Online. Internet. http//www.luminarium.org/renlit/tmore/htm. 16 Nov. 1997. Space Biospheres Ventures. The Biosphere 2 Project - A lab For Global Ecology The Experiment Proceeds With New Crew. Sep. 1993. Online. Internet. http//www.biospheres.org/newcrew.html. 22 Nov. 1997. Tarnas, Richard. The Passion of the horse opera Mind Understanding the Ideas That Have Shaped Our World Views. New York Ballantine Books, 1991. Tod, Ian, and Michael Wheeler. Utopia. New York Harmony Books, 1978. Utopia. Catholic Encyclopedia. Online. Internet. http//www.knight.org/advent/cathen/15243A.htm. 25 Oct. 1997 Thomas More and the Utopian Dream Essays -- Thomas More Utopia PhilosoMore and the Utopian Dream To some, it can be paradise, to someone else a heaven on earth, and still to others it can mean the Garden of Eden, the New Jerusalem, or even Biosphere 2. What we have come to know as Utopia, or, Any idealized place, state, o r situation of perfection any visionary scheme or system for an ideally perfect society (Neufeldt 1470), is just a name that was coined for us by Sir Thomas More for an eternal idea. There were centuries of utopian ideas before More came up with his idea for Utopia, but he has become the father of the words meaning. Some of the previous ideal ideas were sources of information for Mores book, just as More led the way for hundreds of other Utopias. Today Utopia is just another word in the dictionary, but it took years to develop it into what it is today. In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth. . . and it was very good (Bib. Gen. Ch. 1, vs.1, 31). According to biblical doctrine, the earth was in a perfect state after God had created it. There was no sin, and the two inhabitants were pure in thought. The Garden of Eden is the first utopian state that we have on record. Ezekiel said that the Lord, Himself, called it the Garden of God (Ch. 28, vs. 13) God, being the supreme of all perfect, could only have a perfect garden. But even the most perfect things, it has been proved, can not be perfect forever that is the way God planned it. There must be opposition in all things, so Satan was allowed to enter into the picture. First Eve, then Adam partook of the fruit of the tree of knowledge, a sin in the eyes of God. This was Gods plan though, and it led the way for the rest of the world. A little further on in the Bible we find out about the ultima... ...lliam, ed. Twentieth Century Interpretations of Utopia. Englewood Cliffs Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1968. Neufeldt, Victoria, ed. Websters New World Dictionary of American English. New York Simon & Schuster, Inc., 1988. Sir Thomas More. Luminarium. Online. Internet. http//www.luminarium.org/renlit/tmore/htm. 16 Nov. 1997. Space Biospheres Ventures. The Biosphere 2 Project - A Laboratory For Global Ecology The Experiment Proceeds With New Crew. Sep. 1993. Online. Internet. http//www.biospheres.org/newcrew.html. 22 Nov. 1997. Tarnas, Richard. The Passion of the Western Mind Understanding the Ideas That Have Shaped Our World Views. New York Ballantine Books, 1991. Tod, Ian, and Michael Wheeler. Utopia. New York Harmony Books, 1978. Utopia. Catholic Encyclopedia. Online. Internet. http//www.knight.org/advent/cathen/15243A.htm. 25 Oct. 1997